Valve mechanism for compressors



Nov. l5, 1927.

A. G. ENocK 1649394 VALVE MECHANISM FOR COMPRESSORS Filed Jan. l2, 1927'la' T7 Y ,l l-J L-I -JI l# 1 *;n lf l I I l can I l I I l l l l I l :la l I I l l l I I l .el

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A. G. ENOCK VALVE MECHANISM FOR COMPRESSORS Filed Jan. 12. 1927 4Sheets-Sheet 4 &

@QL-S Patented Nov. 15, i927.

gUNITED STATES PATENT f orifice..

ARTHUR GUY ENOCK, 0F WEMBLEY PAR-K, ENGLAND, iSSGNOR TO I'RLECTAS LIM-ITED, 0F LONDON, EIJGLAND.

' VALVE ivrncnnivrsru Vson comrnnssons.

Application filed January 12, 1927, Serial No. 150,741, and in GreatBritain January 23,' 1926.l

The invention relates to the construction and disposition ot valvesapplica-ble for compressors for gas or air.

It is primarily intended to provide the.

maximum possible aperture between the valve and its seat to enable thelincoming gas or air to pass into the cylinder of a coinpressor at theminimum possible velocity.

f According to the invention an annular induction opening to thecylinder as large or nearly as large in diameter as the cylinder is-termed around the cylinder-.end and the inlet or suction valve isconstruct-ed in the torni of a sleeve inside which the piston.reciprocates, one or both kends ot the sleeve vinlet or suction passageB around the cyln inder of greater diameter than the piston and areciprocating sleeve valve D without ports i'itt-ed within the cylinderover the ends ot which the'gas or air flows on its way, into thecylinder. y

In the construction shown in Fig. l the annular inlet or suction passageB is formed around the cylinder end and an annular valve seating b1 ismachined out of the cylinder head and preferably provided with asuitable packing. The reciprocating sleeve valve D is formed with a rimor edge d around its upper edge to close upon the seating b1 and it isprovided with stops (Z3, to limit its movement in a downward direction.lVhen the valve D .is down the suction strolre of the piston draws thegas 'from the gas suction space B and on the return stroke of the pistonthe valve D is closed against its seat 711 and the compressed `gas isdelivered through a delivery valve or valves. In order to provide theseating b1 and at the same time to secure the maximum area i'for thedelivery valves the cylinder head F is slightly tapered towards itsoutlet at f and a shoulder f1 provided upon which the delivery valvecaffe rests. This construction enables the whole ot the delivery valvecage lwould Vmove it, upward on the compression strolre, until the valveis closedvagainstl the seat 1 and would open it'downward onf the suctionstroke until theA stop `cl3 attached to the valve rests on the shouldera; To prevent noise a-cushioningspace isfprovided wherein gas ,would beimprisoned and slightly compressed on the downward stroke of the valve.The plate delivery valve is made oi thin sheet metal, domed to give itstrength over its large areavith turnedrup edges't-o. act as a guide andwith valve cage 'forming-'the head of the compressor and containing'tliesleeve suctionvalve seating. In this head, spaces enable liquid toescape from the machine in. case of liquid hammer. The delivery valvemay comprise a number of steel balls mounted in a valve cage.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2 the annular inlet or suction passageB is formed around the end of the cylinder A and an annular valveseating o around the upperv edge. The reciprocating sleeve valve D' is'formed with a flange Z around its upper rim to close on the seating Y).The delivery valves IE are ordinary ball or other valves. When the valveD is lowered the suction stroke of the piston draws the or air from thesuction space B over the top or' the valve into the cylinder and on thereturn stroke or' the piston the valve D closes against its seat 7; andthe compressed gas or air is delivered through the delivery valves E.

In the construction shown. in Fig. 3 a double acting compressor isillustrated with an annular inlet or suction passage B around thecylinder at each end and an annular valve seating b1 is machined out ofthe cylinder Vends at each end (similar to Fig. l). The reciprocatingsuction sleeve valve D is formed with a rim or edge d around both endsto close upon the seatings b1. The suction valve D is moved to and troby the friction of the piston L and piston rings. rIhe delivery valvesIi may be oit ball or other known type. On the downward stroke of thepiston L the valve D is closed against the seat at the bottom where itis kept during the compression stroke. In the meantime, the gas way atthe upper end of the cylinder is opened and t-he piston is drawing ingas at the upper end. On the reversal of the stroke the valve D isclosed against the seat at the rtop thus leavingl the gas inlet open atthe lower end of the cylinder and imp isoning the gas at the upper ondof the cylinder during the compression stroke. The delivery valve cagesmay be supported and of the lifting type or may be formed integral withthe suction sleeve valve seating.

In' the construction shown in Fig. l oi3 a double acting` gas or aircompressor the cylinder is formed with an annular suction passage Baround the cylinder A at each end and an annular valve` seating Z)around each end. rihe reciprocating suction sleeve valve D is formedwith a flange d around both ends to close upon the seatings l). rIheguides in which the valve D slides may be split when the valve is madein one piece or as shown7 the valve may be divided transversely andconnected together by a strap M screwed on or otherwise attached. Thedelivery valves IQ may be of ball or other known type. On the downwardstroke of the piston L the valve D closes against the seat at the lowerend where it is kept during the downward stroke. This lowering or' thesleeve opens the gas way at the upper end of the cylinder and the pistondraws in gas at the upper end. 0n the reversal of the stroke the valve Dis closed against the seat at the top thus leaving the gas inlet open atthe lower end of the cylinder and imprisoning the gas at the upper endof the cylinder during the compression stroke. The delivery valve cagesmay be supported and of the lifting type or may be formed integral withthe suction sleeve valve seating.

To avoid friction between the sleeve valve D and the cylinder A annulargrooves or recesses may be made in either or both.

In conjunction with the reciprocating sleeve inlet or suction valve Dany type of exhaust or delivery valves may be employed such as ball,poppet or sleeve with or without lifting heads.

The compressor may be either vertical as shown or horizontal.

That I claim as my invention and desire to protect by Letters Patent isl. In a compressor a cylinder, a pistony reciprocating within thecylinder and a sleeve without ports, rictionally driven by the pistoninterposed between t-he piston and the cylinder, the cylinder wall beingsubstantially shorter than the stroke of the piston to allow the sleeveto project therefrom at the upper end, an annular induction passagearound the upper end of the cylinder of greater diameter than the pistonto give an inlet opening of equal diameter thereto and an annular valveeea-ting recessed into the cylinder head into which the sleeve enters toclose the inlet to the space above Ifthe piston.y

2. In a compressor a cylinder, a piston reciprocating within thecylinder and a sleeve without ports7 rictionally driven by the pistoninterposed between the piston and the cylinder', the cylinder wall beingsubstantially shorter than the stroke of the piston to allow the sleeveto project therefrom at the upper ench an annular induction passagearound the upper end of the cylinder o'l' greater diameter than thepiston to give an inlet opening oi equal diameter thereto, an annularvalve seating recessed into the cylinder head into which the sleeveenters to close the inlet to the space above the piston stops on thecylinder wall to limit the n'iovement of the sleeve in a downwarddirection, a cage inserted into the cylinder head and delivery valves inthe cage by which the compressed fluid is exhausted. l

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. l y

ARTHUR GUY ENOCIL

